Course Code: BIOL222 Name: Tam Cheuk Fung ...

Course Code: BIOL222
Name: Tam Cheuk Fung
Student ID: 07004378
Group: B8
Group members: Wu Xianye, Wong Kit Ling, Chung Ming Ho
Date of experiment: 6 Mar, 2009
Introduction
Respiratory system is an important system that helps us the exchange gases from our internal body and the atmosphere. The most important organ of the system is the Lung. It helps us obtain oxygen which is important to our body’s different metabolism from the atmosphere and remove carbon dioxide, which is some kind of waste, that needs to be removed. Respiration can be simply divided into 3 processes: pulmonary ventilation which is the exchange of gas between atmosphere and the lung; external respiration which is the exchange of gas between blood and lung; internal respiration which is the exchange of gas between blood and cells.
In this experiment, we are focus on the respiratory physiology. It is divided into 4 parts. In part A, the respiratory sound will be checked with the aid of stethoscope. In part B, we will focus on the breathing pattern of our body under different conditions with penumograph. In part C, the tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume and vital capacity will be measured with spirometer. In part D, the relationship between respiratory and cardio vascular systems will be investigated by measuring the respiratory rate and death, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the pulse rate.
Procedures
Please refer to BIOL 222 lab manual on Page 35—45, experiment 2
Amendments
1. Only 1 male and female is needed to take place in part C.
2. Only 1 subject take place in part D.
3. Question 2e of part B will be discussed in discussion
4. Q.2 (e) of page 47 amended to ‘does apnea or shallow breathing develop?’
1. Discuss the 2 different method pneumograph and spirometer
Pneumograph and Spirometer are for the checking of pulmonary function.
The pneumograph can record the movement of our rib cage during ventilation, which in turns changing the thoracic cavity. The movement of rib cage will change the pressure inside the pneumograh which will be amplified by the amplifier and being recorded by the computer.
Spirometer is to measure the volume of gas we expire. There is a container which will move up and down during breathing. These are proportional to the volume changes inside the container i.e. our volume change in lung.
Pneumograph is more convenience than spirometer but it is not sensitive to small change of breathing pattern i.e. normal breathing. Also, the respiratory depth is not accurate as pressure inside the Pneumograph varies in each measurement when we put it up or off.
Spirometer is more accurate on the measurement of respiratory depth. However, the container for measurement is immersed in water. So the temperature will exert effect on the result as it affects the water condition. It is not convince for the measurement.
2. Explain ...